Abu Hureyra, one of the earliest farming villages in the world, was excavated by Endrew Moore and a team of researchers in the 1970s. Thanks to state-of-the-art science especially flotation, we know much about the transition from foraging to farming at abu Hureyra. The first village of pit houses with reed roofs was built in about 11,500 B.C.and flourished for five hundred years. The climate was damper and warmer than today. Abu Hureyra lay in well-wooded steppe, where animals and wild cereals were abundant. The hamlet lay close to woodland and open country and to the fertile floodplain, where wild cereal grasses could be harvested. Each spring, Abu Hureyra's hunters preyed on thousands of migrating Persian gazelle, which moved northward with changing season. They killed thousands of them and dried the meat for later use. With such a favorable location, Abu Hureyra incresed in size to 300-400 people, until a long drought cycle and perhaps deforestation due to heavy firewood consumption caused abandonment of the settlement. About 9700 B.C., another village rose on the same site. This was a much larger village that grew to cover nearly 30 acres (12ha). At first the inhabitants still hunted gazelle intensively. Then, about 9000 B. C., within the span of a generation or so, they switched over to herding domesticated and goats and to growing cereal crops.

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JU JU C Unit প্রত্নতত্ত্ব 2015

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